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A console is an object representing a single input connection to XEmacs, such as an X display or a TTY connection. It is possible for XEmacs to have frames on multiple consoles at once (even on heterogeneous types—you can simultaneously have a frame on an X display and a TTY connection). Normally, there is only one console in existence.
A device is an object representing a single output device, such as a particular screen on an X display. (Usually there is exactly one device per X console connection, but there may be more than one if you have a multi-headed X display. For TTY connections, there is always exactly one device per console.)
Each device has one or more frames in which text can be displayed. For X displays and the like, a frame corresponds to the normal window-system concept of a window. Frames can overlap, be displayed at various locations within the display, be resized, etc. For TTY, only one frame can be displayed at a time, and it occupies the entire TTY display area.
However, you can still define multiple frames and switch between them. Their contents are entirely separate from each other. These sorts of frames resemble the “virtual console” capability provided under Linux or the multiple screens provided by the multiplexing program ‘screen’ under Unix.
When you start up XEmacs, an initial console and device are created to receive input and display frames on. This will either be an X display or a TTY connection, depending on what mode you started XEmacs in (this is determined by the ‘DISPLAY’ environment variable, the ‘-nw’, ‘-t’ and ‘-display’ command-line options, etc.).
You can connect to other X displays and TTY connections by creating new console objects, and to other X screens on an existing display by creating new device objects, as described below. Many functions (for example the frame-creation functions) take an optional device argument specifying which device the function pertains to. If the argument is omitted, it defaults to the selected device (see below).
This returns non-nil
if object is a console.
This returns non-nil
if object is a device.
40.1 Basic Console Functions | Functions for working with consoles. | |
40.2 Basic Device Functions | Functions for working with devices. | |
40.3 Console Types and Device Classes | I/O and color characteristics. | |
40.4 Connecting to a Console or Device | ||
40.5 The Selected Console and Device | ||
40.6 Console and Device I/O | Controlling input and output. |
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This function returns a list of all existing consoles.
This function returns a list of all devices on console. If
console is nil
, the selected console will be used.
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This function returns a list of all existing devices.
This function returns non-nil
if object is a device or
frame. This function is useful because devices and frames are similar
in many respects and many functions can operate on either one.
This function returns a list of all frames on device. device defaults to the currently selected device.
This function returns the device that frame is on. frame defaults to the currently selected frame.
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Every device is of a particular type, which describes how the connection to that device is made and how the device operates, and a particular class, which describes other characteristics of the device (currently, the color capabilities of the device).
The currently-defined device types are
x
A connection to an X display (such as ‘willow:0’).
tty
A connection to a tty (such as ‘/dev/ttyp3’).
stream
A stdio connection. This describes a device for which input and output is only possible in a stream-like fashion, such as when XEmacs in running in batch mode. The very first device created by XEmacs is a terminal device and is used to print out messages of various sorts (for example, the help message when you use the ‘-help’ command-line option).
The currently-defined device classes are
color
A color device.
grayscale
A grayscale device (a device that can display multiple shades of gray, but no color).
mono
A device that can only display two colors (e.g. black and white).
This function returns the type of device. This is a symbol whose name is one of the device types mentioned above. device defaults to the selected device.
This function returns the type of device-or-frame.
This function returns the class (color behavior) of device. This is a symbol whose name is one of the device classes mentioned above.
This function returns whether device-type (which should be a symbol) specifies a valid device type.
This function returns whether device-class (which should be a symbol) specifies a valid device class.
This variable holds the initial terminal device object, which represents XEmacs’s stdout.
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This function creates a new device.
The following two functions create devices of specific types and are
written in terms of make-device
.
This function creates a new tty device on tty. This also creates
the tty’s first frame. tty should be a string giving the name of
a tty device file (e.g. ‘/dev/ttyp3’ under SunOS et al.), as
returned by the ‘tty’ command issued from the Unix shell. A value
of nil
means use the stdin and stdout as passed to XEmacs from
the shell. If terminal-type is non-nil
, it should be a
string specifying the type of the terminal attached to the specified
tty. If it is nil
, the terminal type will be inferred from the
‘TERM’ environment variable.
This function creates a new device connected to display. Optional argument argv-list is a list of strings describing command line options.
This function deletes device, permanently eliminating it from use. This disconnects XEmacs’s connection to the device.
This variable, if non-nil
, should contain a list of functions,
which are called when a device is created.
This variable, if non-nil
, should contain a list of functions,
which are called when a device is deleted.
This function returns non-nil
if object is a console that
has not been deleted.
This function returns non-nil
if object is a device that
has not been deleted.
This function returns the X display which device is connected to, if device is an X device.
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This function selects the console console. Subsequent editing commands apply to its selected device, selected frame, and selected window. The selection of console lasts until the next time the user does something to select a different console, or until the next time this function is called.
This function returns the console which is currently active.
This function selects the device device.
This function returns the device which is currently active. If optional
console is non-nil
, this function returns the device that
would be currently active if console were the selected console.
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This document was generated by Aidan Kehoe on December 27, 2016 using texi2html 1.82.